Reversing oil clutch



July` 5, 1927. JI A. MAI-M REVERSING OIL CLUTCH 4 Sheets-Sheet 1Original Filed May 31, 1921 July 5, 1927.` l Re. 16,668

J. A. MALM REVERS ING OIL CLUTCH original Filed May s1, 1921 4:sheets-sheet z 7&4. fy, 3. 36A l Y.

@ WAM Vinci,

July 5, 1927. Re. 16,668

v.1. A. MALM REVERS ING OIL CLUTCH Original Filed May 31, 1921 4sheets-Sheet 3 annem- J. A. MALM REVERSING OIL CLUTCH nl. 2 9 1 5 V. l uJ Original Filed May 51, 1921 4 sheets-sheet 4 n-ua-Moz una: un,

. casing and co-operating with a driven shaft.

Ressued July 5, 1927.

JOHN A. NALINI, OF DENVER, COLORADO.

REVERSING OIL CLUTCH.-

Original application led May 31, 19.21, Serial No. 474,608. RenewedApril 18, 1924. Original No.

1,525,038, ma February a, 1925. 148,965.

The object of this invention is to provide an oil clutch analogous insome respects to my companion application, Serial Number 474,007 whichshall include mechanism for obtaining reverse as Well as forward speeds.

Briefly, the invention comprises a drive shaft ada ted to be coupledwithan engine shaft, andJ having reciprocably mounted thereon apiston havinga cam groovey adapted to be engaged by rollers mounted in a carryingacam block which has a cam groove receiving rollerscarried vby theprojecting portion of the piston. This invention also includes tworeciprocable pistons connected to move together longitudinally, onepiston being reciprocable on the drive shaft and the other on the drivenshaft. the piston on the drive shaft has its groove provided with agreater number of nodes than are provided in the groove on the cam blockor piston, as the case may be, carriedv by the driven shaft. Where twopistons are employed the rollers which-engage the cam groove ofthepiston on the .driven shaft are also carried by the casing which housesthe .operative parts. Said casing is adapted to rotate but means areprovided for preventing such rotation when desired.` Within the casing ashort cylinder is provided which cooperates with the piston on the.drive shaft and with a slidable valve -which controls the passage ofoil from one end of said piston to the other. As the driving piston, 1.`e. the piston on the drive shaft, rotates, the piston or cam block onthe driven shaft will tend to rotate in the opposite direction due tothe fact that the number of nodes inthe respective cam groove is smallerthan the number'of nodes in the groove on the driving piston. The amountof this reverse rotation as ,compared with the forward speed of thedriving piston is the ratio of the excess number of nodes in the drivingcam to the number pf nodes in the. driven or reversing cam member. Forinstance, if the 'ca m groove in the. driving piston contains six nodesand the groove 1n the cam member on the driven shaft contains fournodes, the reverse speed of said cam member on the driven shaft istwo-fourths or one-half the In either case Application for reissue ledNovember 17, 1926. Serial No.

of equal lengths, movement equivalent to the two excess nodes onthe'driving piston must be compensated for during each rotation byreverse'movement equal to two of the four nodes on the driven cammember. By opening and closing the valve above mentioned, the drivingpiston will be allowed to reciprocate or will be held againstreciprocation as deslred When the valve is open and said driving pistonis reciprocating, if the machine on which the device is installed is tobe allowed to stand, lthe casing which contains the parts must beallowed to rotate forward at a speed e ual to the amount of reverserotation whic would otherwise be imparted to the cam member on thedriven shaft. If the brake member above mentioned is applied to thecasing to prevent its forward rotation, reverse movement will then beimparted to the machine, it being understood thatthe valve is in openposition.

When said brake member is released and it is desired to move forwardfrom stationary position, the valve will be gradually closed sol thatthe reciprocation of the driv- 'member is entirely closed andreciprocation o f the driving piston'entirely stopped, reverse rotationofthe reversing cam member will also be entirely stopped and the partsincluding the casing will rotate bodily in a-forward direction at thespeedv of the engine shaft to which the drive shaft is connected. Thereason for rotating the casing forward when reverse movement isnotdesired, is to permit the rollers carried by said casing which engage inthe cam grooves to rotate forward with the driving piston at the samerate which the reverse cam member-would otherwise bp driven in thereverse direction.

ZIn the drawings: l, Fi 1 is a. longitudinal section through the c utch;

yroo i Fig. 1a is a fragmentary detail view showing parts of themechanlsm of Fig. 1 on a somewhat larger scale; l Fig. 2 is a crosssection taken on the line 2 2 of Fig. 1;

. construction;

i an

. pivoted on a standard 25 as shown.

Fig. 8 is aY longitudinal section showing a: modified construction andarrangement of cam members on the drive and driven shafts. i The drivesha-ft 10 is shown provided with a clutch 1-2 splined on thel shaft andshiftable by means of a yoke 14 operable by a handle 15 pivoted to theyoke at 15 and pivoted at its lower end to a 'link 17 carried by thefixedeframework 19. The clutch 12 has an inner face adapted to engagelthe clutch member 16 on the engine shaft, said clutch 12 also beingprovided with an outer face to engage with a'. fixed clutch part .18mounted on the framework 19 which will serve as a brake when the clutch12 is moved rearward into engagement therewith. Thus, when all of theparts are in high speed position, if clutch 12 is moved from engagementlwith the engine clutch 16, into engagement,

with the stationary'clutch 18,the clutch 18l will serve as a. bra'ke forthe machine.

The drive shaft 10 is journaled as by means of ball bearings shown inthe head 20 which, in turn, is journaled by means of. ball bearings 21in a fixed member such asI an' extension ofthe fixed clutch part 13."E

The head 20 is bolted to a. rotatable shell or casing 22, thelatterhaving bolted thereto at its opposite end, a rear head 23 journaled, bymeans of ball bearings 2.4 in a mountlng 25 which'ma-y be adjustable asindicated, if desired, and is lcarried by a fixed port-ion of theframework 25. A valve sleeve 26l extends through the head 23 into thecasing 22 and is retained by means of a'l packing ring 27 whichpositions packing material between the sleeve 26 and the head 2 3 andalso serves to retain the ball retainers for the. balls 24. A drivenshaft 28 extends through theslceve'26l and is journaled therein by meansof ,a bearing 29 for balls 129 which bearing has a yoke 30 connectedtherewith for the, purpose of shifting the sleeve 26 longitudinally bymeans ofthe lever 31 which is pivoted at 32 to a link mem'lbr e lowerend of lever 31 is connected with a link 33 which may be in the form ofan integral fork as indicated in Fig. 5. This forked link 33 isprovided, for the purpose of contracting the brake bands 34 about the.easing 22 to prevent rotation thereof when desired, said bands 34 beingreta-ined in position by means of a pair of spaced annular ribs 35l onthecasing 22. The lower ends of the bands 34 are normally held apart bymeans of a spring 36 carried on a stubv shaft 37 journaled in astationary frame38. The lower ends of the bands 34 are notched to"receive an vupstanding web 38 on the frame member 38. The shaft 37passes through the slots 39 in the forked link 33, the forks of saidlink being disposed between the hubs of the frame 38 and the ends of thebands 34. The tips of the forks are of uniform thickness to avoidtightening the bands during the part of the movement of the lever 31which moves the valve sleeve 26 to onen the valve. However, bevel faces40 .are provided on the forks vin the rear. of said 'tips for thepurpose of engaging the lower ends of the bands 34, to force the sametogether and cause them to bind upon the casing 22 to prevent rotationof the same during the final stage of the movement of the lever 31 afterthe valve has beenopened. Thus, after the valve has been opened to bringthe machine to stationary position, further'rearward movement of thelever 31 will cause the bands 34 to be tightened to stop rotation of thecasing 22 and thereby produce reverse movement ofthe machine. Duringthisfurther movement of the lever 31 the valve is merely retracted fartherwithout itself producing any additional effect.

A reciprocating piston 42. is mounted upon `che portion of the driveshaft l0 which projects within the casing 22, said piston being splinedupon the shaft 10 by means of balls 44 heldby ball retainers asldisclosed in said companion application, said balls traveling, ingrooves 44. Special flanges or rings 45 lare provided on opposite endsof the piston -and have fingers extending into said grooves to preventpassage of oil @through said grooves from one end of theilpiston to theother and to prevent pushing the balls back and forth by the oil. Thepiston 42 is pro* vided with a cam groove 46 having a rear cam face 47and a forward cam face 48, the latter being higher tha-n the former,said cam faces being engaged by a pair of rollers 50 of different sizesand disposed at different distances from the center of the shaft 10 .toengage the respective cam faces 47 and 48 as in said companionapplication. The inner of these rollers 50 is carried on a stem 52 andthe other on a sleeve 53, said s lve 53=beng retained iny a nut54-1:hreaded intothe easingl22, adjustment of said stem 52 andsleeve 53being accomplished by lock nuts 55.

A short cylinder 56 is carried within the lll) casing 22 by means ofinte al webs 57 on another so that the driven shaft 28 rotates thecasing' walls, the rear e ge of the cylinforward at the same speed asthe drive der 56 cooperating with the forward edge shaft 10. Whenthesleeve valve 58 .is withof a cylindrical sleeve valve 58 carried on adrawn from closed position as shown in Fig.

hub 59 which in turn is carried by van en- 1 to open position, the ol 'mallowed to pass largement v26 of thel valve sleeve 26; said' around thecylinder 56 from one end of the hub 59 carries packing material'60 and apiston to the other, the large openings 49 ball bearing 61, these partstraveling upon permitting free movement. Since the cylina tubularextension 62 of a cam block 63. der 56 is comparatively short, the pathof Said tubular extension 62 is threaded on to the moving oil iscomparatively short and the inner end 4of the driven shaft 28 andfriction is thereby materially reduced. It

abuts against a-shoulder 28 thereon. The will be notedl that as thesleeve valve 58 and outer end of lsaid driven shaft 28 is conits hub 59are withdrawn toward the left, venientlyv provided with some couplingthe oil displaced at the left of said hub will means 128 for connection'to' a shaft which pass through one or more openings 85 to the C extendsrearwardly to the universal joint front of the hub, the offset portion26 of or the like. 4 the valve stem causing the displacement of The -camblock 63is provided with a cam oil at one side of the hub 59 to be equalto groove64 having opposed bearing walls 65 that at the other side ofthe hub. When between which rollers 66 travel, said rollers said sleeveis in open position, the piston being carried by stems 67 which, inturn, 4 2 will be allowed to reciprocate, this reare mounted uponopposed arms 68 extendciprocation being caused by engagement of ingrearwardly from and being integral the rollers 5() in the groove 46. Atthe same with the driving cam piston- 42. Nuts 69 time the rollers 66will reciprocate in the y, are employed for adjusting the position ofgroove 64 ofthe cam block y[63, and in viewv said rollers andlockingstrips or wires 70, of the fact that the groove 46 has a greaterpartially countersunk in grooves, are em number of nodes than the'groove 64, the ployed to prevent rotation of the parts, said cam block63 will have'relative reverse rotastrips being positioned around thesides of tion which is the ratio of the excess number the arms 68. y ofnodes of the cam groove 46 to the num- The inner end of shaft 10 extendslinto ber of nodes in the cam groove 64. In the a cavity in the the cammember 63, the latform shown, the cam groove 46 has six ter having aninterior annular shoulder 71 nodes and the groove 64 has four nodes. forengagement by ball retainers 72 for balls As above pointed out, thenodes in the two 73 which journal the inner extremity ofthe grooves areof equal lengths. Therefore Shaft 10Y in said cam block 63,`said ballsand Ikmovements of four vof the nodes ofthe cam retainers being held inposition by means of groove 46 wouldl correspond to movement Va,securing nut 74 on the extreme end of the along the four nodes of thegroove 64, whereshaft 10. The forward portion of the block by the excessmovement produced by the 63 is provided with a shoulder 75 againsttwoexcess nodes of groove 46 must be comwhich bears a ball retainer 76engaged byI pensated for by an equal amount of reverse balls 77positioned by retaining bearings 76y movement in the cam block 63 whichrethese parts being held against the. shoulder verse movement is equalto two of the four by a shoulder 78 of the shaft 10. nodes of the camgroove 64. This thereby In order to care for expansion of oil, dueproduces a reverse movement of one-half to temperature changes,aresilient diarevolution of the cam block 63 for every phragm 80 isprovided at the forward end complete forward revolution of the piston ofthe casing 22 and held there-against by 42. When the brake bands 34 areconhead 2O.A A hub 82 is fixed on the shaft 10 ,A tracted to preventrotation of the casing 22, and is engaged4 by a packing retainer 81sethis reverse movement will be applied to the cured to the diaphragm 80by means of driven shaft 2 8. l screws 84 which also retain springvalves If it is desired to have the engine idle, that 83 which coversmall openings in lsaid diais, to have the machine or other device uponphragm 80. The diaphragm 80 'will yield which the clutch is mounted toremain staunder excessive pressure and the spring tionary, the brakeband 34will be released valves 83 will open to permit return into toallow the casing 22 to rotate forward and the casing 22 of any excess ofoil which may thereby carry with it' the rollers50 at a rate have leakedthrough into the head 20.

In the operation of this, form of the inwhich would otherwise be appliedto the cam vention the parts are in high speed bsiblock z63. When inthis position, the oilwill tion as shown inFig. 1. In this positioncirculate freely from one end of the piston the piston 42 is lockedagainst reciprocation 42 tothe other as it reciprocates and no opon theshaft 10 and said piston together eration will be imparted to the camblock with the casing 22, and cam block 63, rotate 63and its 'drivenshaft 28. When it is debodily without movementrelatively to one sired tohave low "speed-forward, the sleeve which will exactly equa-l thereversel rotation valve 58 will be partially closed solas to. re-

' tard the passageof oil around the cylinder 56, thereby retarding therate of reciprocation of the piston 42. This will result in additionalforward rotation of the casing 22 at a rate in excess of the rate ofrotation which would be applied to the cam block 63, which exc-essforward rotation is the measure of the forward movement of the drive-nshaft 28. As said sleeve valve 58 approaches closed position, saidforward speed gradually increases until the iow of oil is entirelystopped, thereby completely checking the reciprocation of piston 42 andlooking the parts together tg'obtain full speed forward.

It is tobenoted that the cam block 63 is rotated relatively in a reversedirection to that of the piston 42 by reason of the fact that therollers 66 pull or push (according to the direction of reciprocationofthe piston 42) on the walls of the groove 64, this pull or push beingthe relative amount of reverse rotation of the cam block 63. Stated inother words, when one of these nodes of the piston 42 travels forward onthe rollers 50, this movement being one-sixth of a complete revolution,a roller 66 must travell completely along one of the four nodes of thegroove 64, but each of the four nodes of the groove 64 representsone-fourth of a complete revolution. Therefore, the rollers 66 must bearupon the walls of the groove 64 to cause a reverse rotation equal to thedifference between'one-fourth of .a revolution and onesixth of arevolution, which is one-twelfth. Therefore, for the complete forwardrotation of the sii:` nodes of the vpiston 42, six-y twelfths opone-halfof onecomplete revolution of the ca .m block 63 will have been produced.

In Fig. 6 a'modified form of means is .shown for' taking care ofexpansion of the oi'l due to temperature changes or the like. Thisvconsists in providing the driven shaft 28 with an 'enlargement 91 ontowhich is threaded a packing ring 90 which retains the packing material60 upon the extension 62 of the cam block 63. 'The shaft 28 is bored'out and receives a stem 92 which carries packing material 93 retained`on said stem between a nut 94 and a shoulder 95. Said stem 92 isprovided with a centering pin 96 which enters a spring 97 disposed inthe boreof said shaft 28, the opposite end of saidspring being receivedby a pin 99 whose head 98 bears against an adjusting stem 100 which isthreaded into the shaft 28 and secured in adjusted position by means ofa lock nut 101. This form also shows a slightly modified form of ball-retainer 229 and yoke mounting 230. 1

In Fig. 7 a modified form of valve construction is disclosed. In thismodification annular rib 102 againstwhich a packing maoil from the rearof the hub 59 to the front thereof when the'valve is reciprocated as inthe other form,'and packing material 107 is retained on said hub bymeans of a collar 108, for the purpose of preventing leakage of oil intosaid cavity 105, said collar 108 being secured by means of screws 109 orthe like which also retain'the ball retainers' 61. In this form theannular oset of the hub 59 is equal to the thickness of the valve stem26 so that the volume of the displacement by said offset of the hub 59,which is represented by said chamber 105, is equal to the displacementof the valve stem or sleeve 26 when the valve is operated. Thisconstruction also maintains uniform volume within the device.

Fig. 7 also shows a further modified form of ba'll retainer 329 whichconsists simply of a retaining nut threaded into sleeve 26, forengagement with the balls.

In Fig. 8 a modified form of the reversing cam member is shown. In thiscase the ex tension 62 which is secured to the driven i shaft 28 itselfhas the inner end of the drive shaft 10 journaled therein. Thisljournaling 1s accomplished by means of a ball retainer 1 60 threadedinto the inner end ofthe extension 62 to retain balls 161 on the shaft10, a second ball retainer being threaded onto said shaft 10 to engagelthe opposite sides of the balls 161. The balls 73 at the extreme innerend of said shaft are retained by retaining devices 72 one`of which alsois threaded on shaft 10 and the other re tained by means of nut 745%-VIn this form the reversing cam member i163 is separate from theextension 62 and reciiprocates thereon. This cam member is provided witha cam groove 164 and preferably has a low cam wall 165 Yon a higher camwall 166 adapted to be engaged by a pair of rollers 150 of differentsizes, one of which is disposed farther inward to engage the lower camwall 165, after the fashion of the rollers 50 and cam walls 47 and 48.These rollers are secured to the casing 22 by means of a. sleeve 53 anda stem 52 in the same manner in which the rollers 50 are secured. Inthis Vparticular figure the nuts 54 which are used i'the form of'Fig. 1,,are substituted by means of machine screws 156, the adjustment of theparts being determined by means of shims 154 as indicated.

IIl() The reciprocating cam member 163 is splined on the extension 62 bymeans of balls 167 travelingin groovesv in the extension 62 and-in themember 163. A special flange 168 similar to flange 45 of Fig. 1 isemployed to retain the balls in the rooves and to prevent the passa-geof oi through -the grooves, and the consequent displacement of the ballsthereby, this iiange being secured to `the cam member 163. In order teprevent displacement of the balls 167 at the extreme inner end of theextension 62 a similar retaining flange 169 is rovided which is integralwith the ball retainer 160. In this `form the cam member 163 is in theform of a piston which reciprocates within the short cylinder 56, thevalve 58 being provided as in they other form', the piston 42 whichreciprocates on shaft 10 as in the form of Fig. 1, is connected with thepiston -163 by means of a bearing which comprises 1. 'piston 42 stillretains the cam groove 46.

with its six nodes while the plston 163 has y a retainer 170 secured to'an extension on the piston 42, a retainer 171 secured to. an extensionon-the piston 163, and a series of balls retained by said retainers 170and 171 and connecting the two pistons 42 and 163 so that they will movetogether lon itudinalljT but can rotate upon one vanot er in oppositedirections.

In the operation of this form the manipu-l lation of the valve 58 is thesame as inthe other form, with the exdeptlon that the piston 163 is thecontrolling piston. When the valve 58 is closed reciprocation of bothpistons is prevented and the pistons are locked so as to rotate bodilyforward with the casing 22. However, when the valve 58 is entirelyl orpartially open the differential of movement of 4the two pistons will besimilar to ythat of the members 42 and 63 of In this modifiedconstruction the a cam groove with four nodes similar to the groove 64of Fig. 1. The two sets of rollers 50 and 150 cause the two pistons 42and 163 to reciprocate together, but the difference in the number ofnodes in the two grooves will produce or tend to produce reverse rota.

t-ion of iston 163 relative to piston 42 in exactly t e same manner inwhich the cam block 63 of Fig. 1 rotates with reference to piston 42.

In both forms, the adjustable bearmg 25 is used which is' in the natureof a universal Ajoint so as to compensate for possible errors f inalinement of the bearings 21 and 24.

In order to compensate for wear of the band 34 and of the bevel faces 40.of thev naturally phragm 80, this will yield under excessive pressuleat which vtime some leakage will occur at. packing retainer 81.Centrifuga-l force during the rotation of the parts will throw thisleakage outward to the apertures in the diaphragm, the accumulation ofthe will be allowed to dra-in therefrom by way of a hole 18 in thebottom thereof so as to avoidl interference with the braking actionbetween the parts 12 and 18. In the operation of the form of expansiondevice of Fig. 6, the piston 93 will be moved against the tension of thespring 97 to equalize the excess pressure, the tension'of the springbeing adjustable by means of a stem 100.

I want to call attention to the fact that owing to the considera-blemass of the reciprocating1 cam member 42 (Fig. l), it

as a corresponding inertia and therefore resists the forces that tend toreciprocate it on its shaft. This force is transmitted through theinclined walls of the cam groove 64 and the rollers 66 and thereforeforms part of a resultant force of which the other component acts toproduce a torque. It isl therefore evident that leven with the valve 58in wide open osition there will still be a torque exerted W ich tends tocause the cam members to rotate relative-to each other.

.I claim:

1-. In a hydraulic transmission, a rotary casing, a paxrof shaftsextending into said casing, a cam member reciprocable upon one shaft, acam member nonrotatabl mounted on the other shaft, each' cam mem rhaving a cam groove therein, one of said grooves having more nodes thanthe other, rollers carried by said reciprocating cam member andextending into said groove in the other cam member and other rollersadapted to be fxedly groove of the other cam member.

2. In a` hydraulic transmission,v a rotary casing, a pair of shaftsextending into said casing, a cam member reciprocable upon one shaft, acam member nonrotatably mounted on the other shaft, each cam memberhaving aca-m groove therein, one of said grooves having more nodes thanthe other, rollers Ucarried by said reciprocating cam member andextending into said groove in the other cam member and other rollersadapted to be fixedly positioned and extending into the groove of theother cam member, a cylinder positioned and extending'into the las inwhich the first member reciprocates, and a valve to control the passageof oil from one end of said first member to the other.

3. In a hydraulic transmission, a rotary casing, a pair of shaftsextending into said casing, a cam member reclprocable upon one shaft,acam member nonrotatably mounted von the other shaft, each caml memberhaving a cam groove therein, one of said grooves having morenodes thanthe other, rollers extending into said grooves "to determine therelation of one cam member to the other and the rotation thereof, andbraking means to engage and prevent rotation of the casing. 4. In ahydraulic transmission, a rotary casing, a pair of shafts extending intosaid casing7 a cam member reciprocable upon one shaft, a cam membernonrotatably mounted on the other shaft, each cam member having a camgroove therein, one of said grooves having more nodes than the other,rollers lextending into said grooves to determine the,

relation of one cam member to the other and the rotation thereof, acylinder in which the first member reciprocates, a valve to control thepassage of oil from one end of said first member to the other, andbraking means to prevent rotation of the casing while said cam membersrotate.

5. In a hydraulic transmission, a rotary casing, a pair of shaftsextending into said casing, a cam member nonrotatably and reciprocablymounted on one shaft, a cam inember nonrotatably mounted on the othershaft, each cam member having cam grooves therein, and rollers extendinginto said grooves to determine the relation of said cam members to oneanother, said grooves being so arranged that forward rotation of onemember produces relative reverse rotation of theother.

6. In a hydraulic transmission, a rotary casing, a pair of shaftsextending into said casing, a cam member nonrotatably and reciprocablymounted on one shaft, al cam member nonrotatably mounted on th othershaft, each cam member having cam grooves therein, rollers extendinginto said grooves to. determine the relation of saidcam members to oneanother, said grooves being so casing, one of said shafts having anextensionin which the other is journaled, cam members nonrotatablycarried by said shafts, one of said cam members being reciprocable uponits shaft, means to control the movement of oil from one end of saidreciprocable member to the other, rollers connected with the casing andcontrolling the reciprocable cam member to determine its reciprocation,and rollers connected with the other cam member to control the relationof said cam members.

9. In a hydraulic transmission, a rotary casing, a pair of shaftsextending into said casing, one of said shafts having an extension inwhich the other is journaled, cam members nonrotatably carried by saidshafts,

one of said cam members being reoiprocableupon its shaft, means tocontrol the movement of oil from one end of said reciprocable member tothe other, rollers connected with the casing and controlling thereciprocable cam member to determine its reciprocation, and rollersconnected with the other. cam member to control the relation of said cammembers, cam grooves beingl provided for engagement vby said rollers,said grooves being so related that forward rotation of one cam memberproduces relatively reverse rotation of the other.

10,'In a hydraulic transmission, a rotary casing, braking means toengage the same and prevent rotation thereof, a pair of shaftsIextending into said casing, cam members nonrotatably mounted upon saidshafts, one of said members-being reciprocable, means whereby forwardrotation of one cam member produces relatively reverse rotation of theother, a clutch mounted on one shaft adapted to engage an engine clutch,and a fixed clutch member also adapted to be engaged thereby to preventrotation of said shaft.

11. In a vhydraulic transmission, a. rotary casing, a pair of shaftsextending thereinto, a cam piston reciprocable upon one shaft, a camblock fixed upon the other shaft, each cam Imember having a' cam groovein the piston and rollers on the piston projecting into the groove inthe cam block.

12. In a hydraulic transmission, a rotary casing, a pair of shaftsextending thereinto,

a cam piston reciprocable upon one shaft, a cam block fixed upon theother shaft, each cam member having a cam groove therein, rollers in thecasmg projecting into the groove in the piston and rollers on the pistonprojecting into the groove in the cam block, said grooves being sorelated that forward rotation of one cam member produces rela;- tivelyreverse rotation of the other.

13. In a hydraulic transmission, a rotary casing, a pair of shaftsextending thereinto, a cam piston reciprocable upon one shaft, a

cam block fixed upon the other shaft, each cam member having a. camgroove therein,

' casing, a pair of shaftsprojecting into said casing, a recip'rocablecam --member splined upon each of vsaid shafts, said cam members beingrotatably connected with one another in fixed relation longitudinally,each cam member having a cam groove, and rollers mounted on the casingand projecting into the groove on one of the cam members.

1.5. In a hydraulic transmission, a ,rotary casinga pair of shaftsprojecting into said casing, a'reciprocable cam member splined` uponeach of said shafts, said cam members being rotatably connected with oneanother in fixed relation longitudinally, each cam member having a camgroove, and rollers mounted on the casing and on one cam member andprojecting into each of said grooves, said grooves being so related thatforward rotation of one cam member produces relativelyreverse rotationof the other.

16. In a hydraulic transmission, a rotary casing, a pair of shaftsprojecting into said casing,` a reciprocable cam member splined uponeach of shafts, said cam members being rotatably connected with oneanother in fixed relation longitudinally, each cam member having a camgroove, and rollers mounted on the casing and projecting into each ofsaid grooves, one of. said grooves having a reater number of nodes thanthe other so t at forward rotation of said one groove producesrelatively reverse rotation of said other groove.

17. In a hydraulic transmission, a casing containing oil, a pistonreciprocable therein, and a radially. disposed resilient diaphragmhaving apertures therein adjacent its periphery whereby leakage oil mayreturn to the main chamber within the casing.

18. In a hydraulic transmission, a rotary casing, a pair of shaftsextending into said casing., a cam member reciprocable upon one shaft, acam member nonrotatably mounted on the other shaft and means to produce'relative rotation between said cams as one reciprocates, said meanscomprising cooper-v .ating cam grooves and rollers, said cam grooveseach having a different number ofv nodes. 19. In a hydraulictransmission, a rotary casing, apair of shafts extending into saidcasing, a cam member reciprocably but nonrotatably vmoun'ted on oneshaft, means for reciprocating said cam 'member on the shaft wheneverrelative rotation occurs between the cam and the casing, a second cammember rigidly connected'to the other shaft, and meansfor rotating saidlast mentioned cam member with respect to the first mentioned cam memberwhenever the latter reciprocates on the shaft.

20. In a hydraulic transmission, a rotary casing, a pair of shaftsextending into said casing,.a cam member reciprocable on one shaft,cooperating cam groovesand rollers on said casing and said cam, said camgrooves having a plurality of nodes, whereby the cam will be caused toreciprocate as it rotates relative to the casing, a cam nonrotatably andnonslidably mounted on the other shaft, said cams having means toproduce relative rotary movement when the first cam reciprocates, .saidmeans comprising a roller on one cam member and a cooperating cam grooveon the other cam member, said groove having a different number of nodesfrom the firstmentioned groove. a

21. In a hydraulic transmission, a rotary casing, a pair of shaftsextending into said casing, a cam member reciprocable on one shaft,cooperating cam grooves and rollersv operating cam groove on the othercam member, said groove having a different number of nodes from thefirst mentioned groove, and .braking means to engage and preventlrotation of the casing.

22. In a transmission device, in combinav tion, a pair of spacedbearings, a pair of ,aligned shafts, one of which yis 'rotatablygournaled 1n each bearing, a member reciprocable -uponone shaft, anothercam member nonrotatably connected with the other shaft, each cam memberhaving a cam groove therein, one of said grooves having more nodes thanthe other., rollers carried `by the reciprocating cam member and eX-tending into the groove in the other caml member, a member mounted forrotation with respcct'to both of said shafts and rollers carried by saidlast mentioned member and extending into the groove of the other cammember.

23. In a transmission device, in combination, a pair of alignedrelatively stationary bearings, a pair of aligned shafts, one of whichis journaled in each of said bearings, means for holding the adjacentends of the 4shafts invaxial alignment, cam members nonrotatably carriedI:by said shafts, means for connecting said cam.members, one of said cammembers being reciprocable upon its shaft and means for causing saidlast named cam member to reciprocate.

24. In a transmission device, in combination, a casing having twoaligned bearings, a shaft journaledv in each of said bearings andextending into the casing, means for holding the adjacent ends of saidshafts in alignment, cam members nonrotatably carried by said shafts,means for connecting the cams, one of said cam members beingreciprocable upon its shaft and means for reciprocating said last namedcam.

25. In a transmission device, in combination, a casing, a pair of shaftsextending thereinto, a cam member of considerable mass nonrotatably butreciprocablyvmounted on one shaft, a cam block fixed upon the othershaft, one of saidcam members havvmounted on the other shaft and meansto produce relative rotation between said cams .as one reciprocates withrespect to the other,

said means comprising a cam groove and rollers said groove having aplurality of nodes.

In testimony whereof I aix my signature.

JOHN `A. MALM.

